At the center of all leading particle physics labs are the particle accelerators that make the research possible. But just why are particle accelerators necessary? What do they do? In this video, Fermilab’s Dr. Don explains it all.
Quark gluon plasma: • quark gluon plasma.
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Research found that younger age at type 2 diabetes diagnosis is associated with higher risks of cardiovascular and all-cause mortality, emphasizing the need for early prevention and personalized management strategies.
Such a cool idea: a 1 km diameter exoplanet telescope lens built from self-assembling subunits could image other worlds with incredible detail.
With the recent SpaceX Starship orbital flight tests, it is time to commit to building the largest physically possible space telescope. Such a telescope would peer deeper into the universe than any before it, answering fundamental questions: are we alone? What do Earth-like exoplanets around other stars look like? How did we get here? What weird stuff awaits discovery? Where is the limit on human ambition to know what is in our universe? The Monster Scope answers these questions. Monster, because of its enormous scale, grotesque in its ambition. Monster, from the Latin root meaning a revealed thing. And monster, because through it we may be able to study not just the rocks and land masses but possibly lifeforms, both monstrous and marvelous, on distant planets.
Continue reading “It’s Time to Build the Exoplanet Telescope” »
PRESS RELEASE —-Toshiba Corporation (Toshiba) has confirmed a technology that they claimed promises to advance progress toward the development of higher-performance quantum computers through an investigation of a potential advance in quantum computing. Experiments conducted by a joint research group from Toshiba and RIKEN, one of Japan’s largest comprehensive research institutions, have successfully realized a Double-Transmon Coupler, a solution for superconducting quantum computers initially proposed by Toshiba. The researchers achieved a world-class fidelity of 99.90% for a two-qubit gate, which is at the heart of quantum computation. Fidelity is a standard performance indicator for quantum gates, quantifying how close an operation is to the ideal in a range from 0% to 100%, with higher percentages indicating greater accuracy in the quantum gate’s operation.
Originally proposed by Toshiba in a paper from September 2022, the Double-Transmon Coupler is a tunable coupler that holds the key to improving the performance of superconducting quantum computers. In successful experimental realization, Toshiba and RIKEN have confirmed its theoretical superiority over conventional tunable couplers in suppressing the long-standing problem of unnecessary residual coupling and enabling high-speed, high-fidelity two-qubit gates.
To improve the performance of two-qubit gates, the coherence time, the period for which the quantum superposition state can be maintained — critical in quantum computers — must be extended. Gates must also be executed quickly and the strength of residual coupling must be suppressed to reduce the errors it causes. The Toshiba-RIKEN team achieved a world-class coherence time for the transmon qubit, a short gate time of 48 ns, and reduced the residual coupling strength to as low as 6 kHz, thereby achieving a fidelity of 99.90%.
A research team from the Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health (SINH) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences has revealed that aging specifically impairs the generation of CD8+ tissue resident memory T cells (TRM) and thus compromises the antitumor defensive activity of aged CD8+ T cells. The study is published in Nature Aging.
With the aging process, the risk of developing cancer significantly increases. In recent years, it has been reported that immune aging has an important impact on tumor development. Immune aging is a degenerative change in the immune system that occurs with aging, leading to a decline in immune response and ultimately triggering diseases including tumors.
Within the immune system, CD8+ T cells are the main defensive adaptive immune cells protecting against tumor cells. However, the mechanism by which aging impairs the antitumor response of CD8+ T cells was not previously understood.
A Stanford Medicine-led study found that frail older patients who waited to start dialysis died only nine days earlier on average — and spent more time at home — than those who began treatment immediately.
Evolution could alter or even eliminate some of the human traits we cherish most, changing forever what it means to be human.
The more exciting, transformative, and revolutionary a science result appears, especially coming out of nowhere, the more likely it is to be dead wrong. So, approach science headlines with a healthy amount of skepticism and patience.
By Paul Sutter
CRISPR is a way off being used in human therapeutics, but a new discovery could unlock its potential.
An injection given during some asthma and COPD attacks is more effective than the current treatment of steroid tablets, reducing the need for further treatment by 30%. The findings, published in The Lancet Respiratory Medicine, could be “game-changing” for millions of people with asthma and COPD around the world, scientists say.
Asthma attacks and COPD flare-ups (also called exacerbations) can be deadly. Every day in the UK four people with asthma and 85 people with COPD will tragically die. Both conditions are also very common. In the UK, someone has an asthma attack every 10 seconds. Asthma and COPD cost the NHS £5.9B a year.
The type of symptom flare-up the injection treats are called “eosinophilic exacerbations” and involve symptoms such as wheezing, coughing and chest tightness due to inflammation resulting from high amounts of eosinophils (a type of white blood cell). Eosinophilic exacerbations make up to 30% of COPD flare-ups and almost 50% of asthma attacks. They can become more frequent as the disease progresses, leading to irreversible lung damage in some cases.
