In two longitudinal cohorts followed for 30 years, the associations of eight different dietary patterns with healthy aging—encompassing cognitive, physical and mental health—were studied, identifying food constituents linked to greater or lesser odds of healthy aging.
Category: life extension
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Some go gently into the night. Others die in freak accidents or deadly invasions, or after a showy display.
Japanese researchers are making groundbreaking discoveries on the mechanisms of aging and working to apply them. As we age, senescent cells, or aged cells that have stopped dividing, accumulate, causing inflammation that can damage blood vessels and organs. Animal experiments have shown that removing these cells improves kidney function and reduces arteriosclerosis. They have led to the identification of a drug and development of a vaccine to eliminate the cells.
Disrupted sleep-wake and molecular circadian rhythms are a feature of aging associated with metabolic disease and reduced levels of NAD+, yet whether changes in nucleotide metabolism control circadian behavioral and genomic rhythms remains unknown. Here, we reveal that supplementation with the NAD + precursor nicotinamide riboside (NR) markedly reprograms metabolic and stress-response pathways that decline with aging through inhibition of the clock repressor PER2. NR enhances BMAL1 chromatin binding genome-wide through PER2 K680 deacetylation, which in turn primes PER2 phosphorylation within a domain that controls nuclear transport and stability and that is mutated in human advanced sleep phase syndrome.
Scientists created a stem cell-based method to produce high-quality mitochondria at scale, enabling effective treatments for osteoarthritis and other diseases linked to mitochondrial dysfunction. Scientists have developed a groundbreaking method to mass-produce high-quality human mitochondria, a
In humans and other multicellular organisms, cells multiply. This defining feature allows embryos to grow into adulthood, and enables the healing of the many bumps, bruises and scrapes along the way.
Certain factors can cause cells to abandon this characteristic and enter a zombie-like state known as senescence where they persist but no longer divide to make new cells. Our bodies can remove these senescent cells that tend to pile up as we age. The older we get, however, the less efficient our immune systems become at doing so.
“In addition to no longer growing and proliferating, the other hallmark of senescent cells is that they have this inflammatory program causing them to secrete inflammatory molecules,” said Peter Adams, Ph.D., director and professor of the Cancer Genome and Epigenetics Program at Sanford Burnham Prebys and senior and co-corresponding author of the study.
Uncovering the mechanism for polar sequestration of the major bacterial sugar regulator by high-throughput screens and 3D interaction modeling
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Professor Kenji Osafune (Department of Cell Growth and Differentiation) and his team of researchers have devised an effective means to grow iPS cell-derived kidney progenitor cells, paving the way for renal regenerative therapies to become a reality. The findings are published in the journal Science Translational Medicine.
Modern medicine continues to be hampered by the lack of effective treatments for acute kidney injury (AKI) and chronic kidney disease (CKD). Regenerative medicine, such as cell replacement therapies, represents a new hope for patients. Yet, such therapeutic approaches require large-scale production of the necessary cells, which had remained a challenge until this discovery.
Using a mouse model of AKI, the research team first demonstrated the therapeutic potential of human iPS cell-derived nephron progenitor cells (hiPSC-NPCs). When these cells were transplanted into the kidneys of AKI mouse models induced by an anti-cancer drug, cisplatin, the animals’ survival was vastly improved by preventing the deterioration of kidney function.
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