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Was William James Right About Consciousness?

Dr. Nicolas Rouleau is a neuroscientist, bioengineer, and Assistant Professor of Health Sciences at Wilfrid Laurier University. He wrote the award-winning essay, ‘An Immortal Stream of Consciousness: The scientific evidence for the survival of consciousness after permanent bodily death,’ in which he argues that the transmissive theory of consciousness may actually be more consistent with emerging scientific insights than the dominant assumption that the brain generates consciousness.

In this conversation with Hans Busstra, Rouleau shares the main arguments from his essay, which touch upon his collaboration with Dr. Michael Persinger, the inventor of the ‘God Helmet,’ and his work with Michael Levin on ‘mind blindness’—the idea that science may be searching for mind in too restricted a place by focusing almost exclusively on neurons.

More information on Dr. Nic Rouleau:
https://www.wlu.ca/academics/facultie… website: https://www.rouleaulab.com/ Further reading and scientific references discussed in this video: Rouleau’s BICS Essay: ‘An Immortal Stream of Consciousness: The scientific evidence for the survival of consciousness after permanent bodily death.’ https://www.bigelowinstitute.org/inde… Rouleau, N., Levin, M., et al. (2025) (Preprint; forthcoming in Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society). Brains and Where Else? Mapping Theories of Consciousness to Unconventional Embodiments. https://tinyurl.com/439rrn8z Rouleau, N., & Levin, M. (2023). The Multiple Realizability of Sentience in Living Systems and Beyond. eNeuro, 10(11). https://tinyurl.com/2s4bdtmm Rouleau, N. & Cimino, N. (2022). A Transmissive Theory of Brain Function: Implications for Health, Disease, and Consciousness. NeuroSci, 3. https://www.mdpi.com/2673-4087/3/3/32 McCraty, R., et al. (2018). Long-term study of heart rate variability responses to changes in the solar and geomagnetic environment. https://tinyurl.com/254x3b9t Rouleau, N., & Persinger, M. A. (2016). Differential responsiveness of the right parahippocampal region to electrical stimulation in fixed human brains: Implications for historical surgical stimulation studies. Epilepsy & Behavior, 60181–186. https://tinyurl.com/uc5jbr Rajaram, M., & Mitra, S. (1981). Correlation between convulsive seizure and geomagnetic activity. Neuroscience Letters, 24, 187–191. https://tinyurl.com/3snrs4cs Chapters 0:00 Introduction 4:00 What Nic Rouleau would say to William James about his theory of transmissive consciousness 7:14 What do we know empirically about how electromagnetic fields influence our brains? 10:27 How scientifically rigorous are the empirical data on the influence of the Earth’s magnetic field on brains? 11:35 On Nic’s mentor, Dr. Michael Persinger, the inventor of the God Helmet 14:42 Research on post-mortem brain tissue 18:09 What mental states are influenced by magnetic fields? 18:58 Electromagnetic effects in dead vs. living brains 19:45 On Michael Levin and the paradigm shift due to bioelectricity 21:24 Influencing the thoughts of deceased people 25:33 Are biological forms stored in the Earth’s magnetic field? 30:21 Shielding brains from electromagnetic fields 33:12 Mind blindness: we only see 1% of the minds out there 38:55 What is the best way out of mind blindness? 41:06 Plant-based computation 42:00 The Self-Organizing Units Lab (SOUL) and what Nic is working on 43:23 Minds in a Petri dish 46:13 What counts as embodiment? 48:44 Phenomenal consciousness on different levels 53:06 What theories of consciousness can get us out of the behaviorist trap? 57:25 Nic’s award-winning essay on consciousness beyond death 1:00:55 Intermediary states of consciousness, the Bardo Thodol 1:04:46 Consciousness when the radio, the brain, is completely broken 1:06:35 Why exactly is electromagnetism a better explanation of consciousness beyond death than NDEs or OBEs? 1:11:58 How does the God Helmet work? 1:17:31 Which electromagnetic fields influence our consciousness and which ones don’t? 1:23:59 Can all of consciousness be stored in the Earth’s magnetic field? 1:27:08 Children with past-life memories: could electromagnetism play a role there? 1:29:51 How do quantum theories of consciousness relate to the work of Nic? 1:33:42 Do our brains connect electromagnetically with each other? 1:35:28 Nic on the hard problem of consciousness 1:38:00 Aren’t you just a materialist 2.0? 1:40:25 On the meaning of Nic’s work Copyright © 2026 Essentia Foundation. All rights on interview content reserved.
Personal website: https://www.rouleaulab.com/

Further reading and scientific references discussed in this video:

Rouleau’s BICS Essay: ‘An Immortal Stream of Consciousness: The scientific evidence for the survival of consciousness after permanent bodily death.’ https://www.bigelowinstitute.org/inde

Rouleau, N., Levin, M., et al. (2025) (Preprint; forthcoming in Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society). Brains and Where Else? Mapping Theories of Consciousness to Unconventional Embodiments. https://tinyurl.com/439rrn8z.

Spin Supercurrents in Superconducting Altermagnets

Materials from a new class of magnets could host permanent dissipationless spin currents when they enter a superconducting state.

Superconductors are famous for transporting electric charge with zero resistance. This ability underpins technologies such as MRI scanners, quantum computers, and sensitive magnetometers known as superconducting quantum interference devices. However, in the field of spintronics—which seeks to process information using electron spin rather than charge—achieving a similar long-range dissipationless transport has remained elusive. In ordinary metals, electron spins are highly susceptible to scattering and spin-orbit coupling, both of which cause spin currents to decay over short distances. Although research in superconducting spintronics based on ferromagnets has made progress [1, 2], ferromagnets produce stray magnetic fields that interfere with external circuit elements, and their internal magnetic fields tend to destroy superconductivity.

New microscope offers sharper view into momentum space

Electrons are tiny and constantly in motion. How they behave in a crystal lattice determines key material properties: electrical conductivity, magnetism, or novel quantum effects. Anyone aiming to develop the information technologies of tomorrow must understand what electrons do. At Forschungszentrum Jülich, a new tool is now available for this purpose: a momentum microscope that was fully developed and built on site. “Internationally, we are currently seeing rapidly growing interest in this method,” explains Dr. Christian Tusche from Forschungszentrum Jülich.

Dr. Christian Tusche already played a key role in advancing momentum microscopy during his time at the Max Planck Institute of Microstructure Physics in Halle. Since moving to Jülich in 2015, he has continued to drive its development forward. His work has been recognized with several awards, including the Kai Siegbahn Prize in 2018 and the Innovation Award on Synchrotron Radiation in 2016. Most recently, he published a review article on the method in the journal Applied Physics Letters.

In recent years, numerous instruments have been commissioned at synchrotron facilities and X-ray lasers around the world. “The new device we built together with the Mechanical Workshop is a real innovation. There is currently nothing like it available from any specialist company,” says Dr. Tusche.

Introduction: Charles Liu

Does the universe need observers to exist? Neil deGrasse Tyson and co-hosts Chuck Nice and Gary O’Reilly explore questions about entropy, spontaneous symmetry breaking, spectroscopy and more with astrophysicist Charles Liu.

Does the universe require observers for information to exist? From Niels Bohr and the Copenhagen interpretation to modern neuroscience and philosophy, the crew explores whether measurement creates reality or reveals it. How does the double-slit experiment fit into this? Are wave and particle behaviors determined by how we measure them?

The conversation turns to information itself. What do physicists mean by “information”? How is entropy connected to hidden information in a system? We discuss entropy through everyday examples like coin flips, burning wood, and boiling water. How does this relate to quantum computing? We explore how astronomers separate cosmic redshift from stellar motion using spectroscopy, how interstellar dust and extinction curves complicate observations, and why mapping that dust is both a challenge and a source of discovery.

We discuss why the Big Bang didn’t form a black hole, how spontaneous symmetry breaking may have split the fundamental forces, and whether science can meaningfully investigate the universe’s earliest moments. Wrapping up, the team looks ahead to multi-messenger astronomy, next-generation telescope technology, exotic ideas about the speed of light, and how information continues to reshape what we know about the cosmos.

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Timestamps:

Space: Time

Matter. What is reality? And if it’s so fundamental, why do we all experience it so differently? Join us for a marathon through the discoveries and paradoxes that suggest modern physics is pointing to a deeply uncomfortable truth: that our picture of the universe is far from complete, and what we think about reality may be completely wrong.

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00:00 Reality Is Already Broken
00:57 Scientists Build a Window into the Fourth Dimension
23:16 The Physicist Who Says Reality Is Not What It Seems
1:28:45 The Black Hole Paradox That Keeps Physicists Awake at Night
1:50:40 Sean Carroll: The Many Worlds of Quantum Mechanics
2:46:40 What are the foundations of reality?

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New photonic device efficiently beams light into free space

If a lot of light could be rapidly and precisely beamed off the chip, free from the confines of the wiring, it could open the door to higher-resolution displays, smaller Lidar systems, more precise 3D printers, or larger-scale quantum computers.

Now, researchers from MIT and elsewhere have developed a new class of photonic devices that enable the precise broadcasting of light from the chip into free space in a scalable way.

We Might Be Completely Wrong About Reality

Space. Time. Matter. What is reality? And if it’s so fundamental, why do we all experience it so differently? Join us for a marathon through the discoveries and paradoxes that suggest modern physics is pointing to a deeply uncomfortable truth: that our picture of the universe is far from complete, and what we think about reality may be completely wrong.

Love New Scientist? For a specially discounted New Scientist digital subscription, go to https://www.newscientist.com/youtube

Subscribe ➤ https://bit.ly/NSYTSUBS

00:00 Reality Is Already Broken
00:57 Scientists Build a Window into the Fourth Dimension
23:16 The Physicist Who Says Reality Is Not What It Seems
1:28:45 The Black Hole Paradox That Keeps Physicists Awake at Night
1:50:40 Sean Carroll: The Many Worlds of Quantum Mechanics
2:46:40 What are the foundations of reality?

Get more from New Scientist:
Official website: https://bit.ly/NSYTHP
Facebook: https://bit.ly/NSYTFB
Twitter: https://bit.ly/NSYTTW
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About New Scientist:

The Singularity Needs a Navigator

In 2013, physicist Alex Wissner-Gross published a single equation for intelligence in [ITALIC] Physical Review Letters [/ITALIC]: # F = T∇Sτ

The force of an intelligent system equals its temperature — computational capacity, raw horsepower — multiplied by the gradient of its future option-space. Intelligence is not a mysterious property of carbon-based brains.

It is a physical force: the tendency of any sufficiently energetic system to maximize the number of future states accessible to it.

The equation was elegant. Correct. And incomplete.

It describes the force. It does not describe the geometry of the space through which that force navigates.

A gradient without a metric is a direction without distance — it tells the system where to push but not what distortion it will encounter on the way there.

We spent three years building the geometry. We tested it across 69 billion simulations. What we found changes everything. ## The Missing Geometry — From Force to Navigation.

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