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Category: quantum physics – Page 159

Shocking Result from DESI Stuns Cosmology

Evolving cosmological constant.

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The Standard Model of Cosmology has reigned supreme for decades, confirmed over and over again. But chinks in the armour have been developing, such as the Hubble Tension. Now, however, a new result threatens to completely upend our view of the Universe — we no longer even know how it will end.

Written & presented by Prof. David Kipping.

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A new dissipation-based method to probe quantum correlations

Quantum systems are known to be prone to dissipation, a process that entails the irreversible loss of energy and that is typically linked to decoherence. Decoherence, or the loss of coherence, occurs when interactions between a quantum system and its environment cause a loss of coherence, which is ultimately what allows quantum systems to exist in a superposition of states.

While dissipation is generally viewed as a source of decoherence in , researchers at Tsinghua University recently showed that it could also be leveraged to study strongly correlated quantum matter.

Their paper, published in Nature Physics, introduces a new method to intrinsic quantum many-body correlations and demonstrates its potential for studying the dissipative dynamics in strongly correlated one-dimensional (1D) quantum gases.

Driven to succeed: Physicists explore a new way to control quasiparticles

For the better part of a century, the quantum objects known as quasiparticles have been all dressed up with nowhere to go. But that may change, now that a Yale-led team of physicists has shown it is possible to exert a greater level of control over at least one type of quasiparticle.

The discovery upends decades of fundamental science and may have wide applications for quantum-related research in the years ahead.

A is an “emergent” quantum object—a central, core particle surrounded by other particles that, together, demonstrate properties not found in each individual component. Quasiparticles have become the central conceptual picture by which scientists try to understand interacting quantum systems, including those that may be used in computing, sensors, and other devices.

Quantum cosmology with final states can explain the accelerated expansion of the universe

Teleology is the idea that some processes in nature are directed toward a goal or an end. Today, it is commonly asserted that teleology is a remnant of antiquated ways of thinking about causation, and that it is not compatible with modern science, because it is fundamentally untestable.

In my opinion, such claims fail to take modern physics into account. Quantum theory involves a complex notion of causation, and it can naturally incorporate final conditions. However, to work with final conditions that are not imposed by external agents, we need to move into the realm of quantum cosmology, in which the whole universe is treated as a quantum system.

With this issue in mind, I studied final conditions in quantum cosmology. I found that cosmologies with such conditions generally predict a universe with accelerated expansion. Cosmic acceleration is a well-established fact, and also one of the most puzzling features of modern cosmology.

Scientists achieve high-efficiency single-photon source above loss-tolerant threshold

Research teams from USTC have realized a high-performance single-photon source with an efficiency beyond the scalable linear optical quantum computing loss tolerance threshold for the first time. Led by Prof. Pan Jianwei, Lu Chaoyang and Hu Yongheng, the study was published in Nature Photonics on February 28.

Photons, as important carriers for , have the advantages of fast speed and strong resistance to environmental interference. However, for scalable linear optical quantum computing to be feasible, apart from the challenges like being easily lost, the efficiency of a source must exceed the tricky threshold of 2/3. Previous studies had never broken through this threshold, a key obstacle restricting the development of optical quantum computing.

To overcome this challenge, the research teams have developed a tunable open optical microcavity, achieving precise coupling of quantum dots and microcavities in both and spatial positioning. The microcavity solved the detuning problem of traditional fixed microcavities.

The Cognitive Doppelgänger: AI Understanding and the Mirror of Human Consciousness

Perhaps the most profound insight to emerge from this uncanny mirror is that understanding itself may be less mysterious and more mechanical than we have traditionally believed. The capabilities we associate with mind — pattern recognition, contextual awareness, reasoning, metacognition — appear increasingly replicable through purely algorithmic means. This suggests that consciousness, rather than being a prerequisite for understanding, may be a distinct phenomenon that typically accompanies understanding in biological systems but is not necessary for it.

At the same time, the possibility of quantum effects in neural processing reminds us that the mechanistic view of mind may be incomplete. If quantum retrocausality plays a role in consciousness, then our subjective experience may be neither a simple product of neural processing nor an epiphenomenal observer, but an integral part of a temporally complex causal system that escapes simple deterministic description.

What emerges from this consideration is not a definitive conclusion about the nature of mind but a productive uncertainty — an invitation to reconsider our assumptions about what constitutes understanding, agency, and selfhood. AI systems function as conceptual tools that allow us to explore these questions in new ways, challenging us to develop more sophisticated frameworks for understanding both artificial and human cognition.

Alive, Dead, and Hot: Schrödinger’s Cat Defies the Rules of Quantum Physics

Researchers have pulled off a quantum feat that defies traditional expectations—they’ve created Schrödinger cat states not from ultra-cold ground states, but from warm, thermally excited ones.

Using a superconducting qubit setup, the team demonstrated that quantum superpositions can exist even at higher temperatures, overturning the long-held belief that heat destroys quantum effects. This breakthrough not only validates Schrödinger’s original “hot cat” concept but also paves the way for more practical and accessible quantum technologies.

Schrödinger’s cat and hot quantum states.

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