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Archive for the ‘cosmology’ category: Page 21

Aug 21, 2024

Astronomers Discover Record-Breaking Twin Quasars in the Early Universe

Posted by in categories: cosmology, evolution, particle physics

Astronomers have identified the earliest pair of quasars, shining 900 million years post-Big Bang, revealing insights into galaxy mergers and the reionization era of the Universe.

An international team of astronomers, including members from the Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (Kavli IPMU, WPI), has discovered the earliest known pair of quasars using the Subaru Telescope and Gemini North telescope, both situated on Maunakea in Hawai’i. These quasars, powered by actively feeding supermassive black holes, emit intense radiation. This significant discovery will provide insights into the early evolution of the Universe.

About 400 million to 1 billion years after the Big Bang, something, possibly a combination of sources, unleashed enough radiation to strip the electrons from most of the hydrogen atoms, completely altering the nature of the Universe. Quasars are one potential source of the radiation that caused this “reionization” of the Universe. When matter falls into the supermassive black hole at the center of a galaxy, the matter heats up and releases radiation in a phenomenon known as a quasar.

Aug 20, 2024

Next-Gen Spectroscopy: New Tunable Laser Method Achieves Unprecedented Precision

Posted by in categories: computing, cosmology, particle physics

Innovative diode laser spectroscopy provides precise monitoring of the color changes in the sweeping laser at each moment, establishing new benchmarks for frequency metrology and practical applications.

Since the laser’s debut in the 1960s, laser spectroscopy has evolved into a crucial technique for investigating the intricate structures and behaviors of atoms and molecules. Advances in laser technology have significantly expanded its potential. Laser spectroscopy primarily consists of two key types: frequency comb-based laser spectroscopy and tunable continuous-wave (CW) laser spectroscopy.

Comb-based laser spectroscopy enables extremely precise frequency measurements, with an accuracy of up to 18 digits. This remarkable precision led to a Nobel Prize in Physics in 2005 and has applications in optical clocks, gravity sensing, and the search for dark matter. Frequency combs also enable high-precision, high-speed broadband spectroscopy because they combine large bandwidth with high spectral resolution.

Aug 20, 2024

Waning Dark Energy May Evade ‘Swampland’ of Impossible Universes

Posted by in categories: cosmology, physics

The mysterious case of dark energy and the universe’s fate.

Imagine the universe as a vast, ever-expanding balloon.


The largest-ever 3D map of the cosmos hints that the dark energy that’s fueling the universe’s expansion may be weakening. One community of theoretical physicists expected as much.

Continue reading “Waning Dark Energy May Evade ‘Swampland’ of Impossible Universes” »

Aug 20, 2024

Something Is Wrong with Dark Energy, Physicists Say

Posted by in categories: cosmology, physics

Cosmic surveys suggest the force pulling the universe apart might not be constant after all.

By Rebecca Boyle

Imagine sitting in the center of a firework that has just exploded. After the first flash of light and heat, sparks fly off in all directions, with some streaming together into fiery filaments and others fading quickly into cold, ashy oblivion. After a moment more, the smoke is all that remains—the echo, if you will, of the firework’s big bang.

Aug 19, 2024

New theory suggests dark matter could have existed before the Big Bang

Posted by in category: cosmology

New theory suggests dark matter existed before the big bang, redefining cosmic origins.

Aug 18, 2024

Perseid meteor shower rains ‘shooting stars’ over Stonehenge in glorious astrophotography image

Posted by in category: cosmology

A UK-based astrophotographer captured this stunning composite image of the Perseid meteor shower raining “shooting stars” over Stonehenge.

Aug 18, 2024

Hopes of Big Bang Discoveries Ride on a Future Spacecraft

Posted by in categories: cosmology, physics

A possible solution to the dark matter problem.

As the early universe cooled and expanded, phase transitions might have left “bubble walls,” energetic barriers between pockets of space.


Physicists and cosmologists will have a new probe of primordial processes when Europe launches the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) next decade.

Continue reading “Hopes of Big Bang Discoveries Ride on a Future Spacecraft” »

Aug 17, 2024

The dominant model of the universe is creaking

Posted by in category: cosmology

Dark energy could break it apart.

Aug 17, 2024

James Webb Telescope May Have Finally Solved the Crisis in Cosmology

Posted by in category: cosmology

The “crisis in cosmology,” sparked by differing measurements of the universe’s expansion, may be nearing a resolution thanks to the James Webb Space Telescope. New data analyzed by scientists suggests that the Hubble tension might not be as severe as previously thought. This could mean our current model of the universe remains accurate.

The Debate on the Universe’s Expansion Rate

We know many things about our universe, but astronomers are still debating exactly how fast it is expanding. In fact, over the past two decades, two major ways to measure this number — known as the “Hubble constant” — have come up with different answers, leading some to wonder if there was something missing from our model of how the universe works.

Aug 16, 2024

Huge Lake on Mars // Fate of Milkdromeda // Hope for VIPER Rover

Posted by in categories: cosmology, engineering, environmental, existential risks

Vast amounts of water found on Mars, but there’s a catch, Milky Way and Andromeda might not merge after all, a planet found before it gets destroyed, and an easier way to terraform Mars.

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