Study finds several species of cholesterol-metabolizing bacteria in people with lower cholesterol levels.
Category: biotech/medical – Page 454
Year 2021 😗😁😘
Researchers Prof. Judith Haendeler from the Medical Faculty and the molecular biologist Prof. Joachim Altschmied from the Department of Biology, together with their teams, have shown for the first time in the cardiovascular system that telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) within the mitochondria, the powerhouses of the cells, has a protective function in myocardial infarction. This work, which was performed together with other groups from the University Hospital Düsseldorf and the University Hospital Essen within the frame of the Collaborative Research Center 1,116, was recently published in the journal Circulation.
Cardiac muscle cells benefit from the increased mitochondrial function and are protected from cell death. Other cell types also profit from increased mitochondrial function such as fibroblasts, which are essential for stable scarring after an infarction, and endothelial cells, which are needed for vascularization and thus blood supply in the infarct area.
In the cell nucleus, TERT is a component of the so-called “immortality enzyme” telomerase, for the discovery of which the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was awarded in 2009. Meanwhile, it has been shown by the two research groups at HHU, that TERT is also present in mitochondria in the cells of the cardiovascular system. However, until now it has not been possible to clearly distinguish between its functions in these two cell organelles.
A new report has raised alarms about a medical gas used in thousands of hospitals across the US that could be linked to cancer.
Ethylene oxide (EtO), a colourless, odourless gas used to sterilise medical equipment such as ventilators, surgical kits, catheters, and gowns, may cause cell mutations and increase cancer risks, including blood, stomach and breast cancer, according to recent research.
Concerns are particularly high for those living near sterilisation facilities where EtO can remain airborne for hours, causing repeated exposure.
The human brain is a remarkably complex organ, consisting of billions of interconnected neurons. It can be divided into distinct regions, each with specific functions, such as memory and decision-making. Cognition, which includes processes like perception, memory, language, and problem-solving, is all orchestrated by the brain. It’s through these cognitive processes that we perceive and interact with the world around us.
What is special about the structure of the brain compared to other organs? What is the principled way of understanding how the brain works? How does the brain contribute to our sense of Self? Is it possible to compare the brain with the computer? Is it possible to enhance the way that the brain works? What is the brain-basis of language?
These and other questioned are answered by Serious Science experts from leading universities from all around the world. The coursed is comprised of 15 lectures filmed in the period from 2014 to 2020. If you have any questions or comments on the content of this course — please write us at hello@serious-science.org.
00:00 Connectomics / Jeff Lichtman.
14:30 Synapse Elimination at the Developing Neuromuscular Junction / Jeff Lichtman.
25:17 Genomic Imprinting and the Brain / Catherine Dulac.
36:50 Brain Function and Chromatin Plasticity / Catherine Dulac.
47:45 Free Energy Principle / Karl Friston.
1:02:45 Self-construction / Onur Güntürkün.
1:16:38 Brain Networks / Sylvain Baillet.
1:32:33 Computational Modeling of the Brain / Sylvain Baillet.
1:47:22 Cognition Without a Cortex / Onur Güntürkün.
2:02:17 Brain Training / Barbara Sahakian.
2:14:50 Brain Language Research / Friedemann Pulvermüller.
2:26:49 Brain Imaging / Karl Friston.
2:39:30 Functional Brain Imaging / Srinivas Sridhar.
2:52:21 Clinical Brain Imaging / Sylvain Baillet.
3:08:38 Effect of Music on the Brain / Lauren Stewart.
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face_with_colon_three year 2023 The ultimate goal is to use crispr to modify genetic programming for eternal life this an example of heart age reversal.
An anti-aging gene found in centenarians has been shown to reverse the heart’s biological age by 10 years. This groundbreaking discovery, published in the journal Cardiovascular Research and led by scientists from the University of Bristol and MultiMedica Group in Italy, offers a potential target for heart failure patients.
Individuals who carry healthy mutant genes, commonly found in populations known for exceptional longevity such as the “blue zones,” often live to 100 years or more and remain in good health. These carriers are also less susceptible to cardiovascular complications. Scientists funded by the British Heart Foundation believe the gene helps keep their hearts youthful by guarding against diseases related to aging, such as heart failure.
In this new study, researchers demonstrate that one of these healthy mutant genes, previously proved particularly frequent in centenarians, can protect cells collected from patients with heart failure requiring cardiac transplantation.
The convergence
Posted in biotech/medical, quantum physics, robotics/AI
When looking into the future, there are a number of interesting trends, such as quantum computing, which may save lots of energy, or space travel, which is here to stay and will become more affordable. But what I find interesting is the development of computation with biological cells, and the ability to build computing systems, and robots, not from hard metals but from soft biological matter — mostly cells.
Look around you in “nature”- almost everything you see, all plants and animals are built from a single type of structure, a biological cell. They are all alike. Sure, cells vary as they adapt to their environments, but a cellular organism has the same building plan as any other cell. There’s the cell membrane, there is a nucleus, there are organelles and cytoplasm. There is DNA, RNA, amino acids to build proteins and peptides, lipids and sugars. Put together in predictable ways.
We are learning to use these systems to build anything we want from them. We focus on this because our bodies are made from cells, and we want to remain healthy. That is a strong incentive to study these systems. The convergence will happen when we relegate metal-based computing to the sidelines and focus on biological computing as our main systems. These biological cell systems are, incidentally, quantum computing systems. So the trends I mention — here on earth will converge, and only space travel will require the opposite — the need to shield biological computing from conditions in space.
Abstract: By harnessing the power of composite polymer particles adorned with gold nanoparticles, a group of researchers have delivered a more accurate means of testing for infectious diseases.
Details of their research was published in the journal Langmuir.
The COVID-19 pandemic reinforced the need for fast and reliable infectious disease testing in large numbers. Most testing done today involves antigen-antibody reactions. Fluorescence, absorptions, or color particle probes are attached to antibodies. When the antibodies stick to the virus, these probes visualize the virus’s presence. In particular, the use of color nanoparticles is renowned for its excellent visuality, along with its simplicity to implement, with little scientific equipment needed to perform lateral flow tests.
Scientists from Washington University in St.
Antibody mobilizes immune cells to clear amyloid plaques, reducing behavioral abnormalities.
Summary: Researchers made a groundbreaking discovery about the maturation process of adult-born neurons in the brain, highlighting the critical role of mitochondrial fusion in these cells. Their study shows that as neurons develop, their mitochondria undergo dynamic changes that are crucial for the neurons’ ability to form and refine connections, supporting synaptic plasticity in the adult hippocampus.
This insight, which correlates altered neurogenesis with neurological disorders, opens new avenues for understanding and potentially treating conditions like Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s by targeting mitochondrial dynamics to enhance brain repair and cognitive functions.
Gene therapy may be the best hope for curing retinitis pigmentosa (RP), an inherited condition that usually leads to severe vision loss and blinds 1.5 million people worldwide.
But there’s a huge obstacle: RP can be caused by mutations in over 80 different genes. To treat most RP patients with gene therapy, researchers would have to create a therapy for each gene—a nearly impractical task using current gene therapy strategies.
A more universal treatment may be forthcoming. Using CRISPR-based genome engineering, scientists at Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons are designing a gene therapy with the potential to treat RP patients regardless of the underlying genetic defect.