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Archive for the ‘neuroscience’ category: Page 26

Oct 6, 2024

Astronomers Find Cosmic Filaments Rotate Across Hundreds of Millions of Light-Years

Posted by in categories: computing, cosmology, neuroscience, quantum physics

Scientists have discovered that cosmic filaments, the largest known structures in the universe, are rotating. These massive, twisting filaments of dark matter and galaxies stretch across hundreds of millions of light-years and play a crucial role in channeling matter to galaxy clusters. The finding challenges existing theories, as it was previously believed that rotation could not occur on such large scales. The research was confirmed through both computer simulations and real-world data, and it opens up new questions about how these giant structures acquire their spin.

After reading the article, a Reddit user named Kane gained more than 100 upvotes with this comment: “What if galaxy clusters are like neuron and glial clusters in a brain. And dark matter is basically the equivalent of a synapse. It connects galaxies and matter together and is responsible for sending quantum information back and forth like a signal chain.”

Oct 6, 2024

New Molecule Mimics Exercise and Fasting Effects

Posted by in categories: health, neuroscience

Summary: Researchers have developed a molecule called LaKe that mimics the metabolic effects of strenuous exercise and fasting. This molecule increases lactate and ketone levels in the body, providing similar benefits to running 10 kilometers on an empty stomach, without physical exertion or dietary changes.

Currently being tested in human trials, LaKe shows promise for helping people with limited physical ability maintain health, and may also aid in treating brain conditions like Parkinson’s and dementia. The discovery offers a potential new path for those unable to follow strict exercise or fasting routines.

Oct 6, 2024

Scientists reveal how the brain responds to six different types of love

Posted by in category: neuroscience

The researchers also gathered behavioral data, asking participants how strongly they felt the emotions described in each story and how similar these feelings were across different objects of love. This helped the team link subjective emotional experiences to the observed brain activity.

“We use state-of-the-art technology to measure what happens in the brain when a person feels love,” Rinne told PsyPost. “We studied many different types of love and were able to show how different types of love activate the brain in different ways. Our results help explain why the word ‘love’ is used in so many different contexts. Our research also offers insights into why we feel stronger affection for those we are close to compared to strangers, even though the underlying brain processes of affection are the same for all types of interpersonal relationships.”

The study found that different types of love engage both shared and distinct regions of the brain. At a general level, all types of love activated areas associated with social cognition, including the medial prefrontal cortex, the temporoparietal junction, and the precuneus. These regions are involved in understanding others’ thoughts and emotions, a process known as theory of mind. This suggests that even when we experience love for non-human objects, like nature, our brain still engages these neural pathways.

Oct 5, 2024

How music therapy benefits the autistic brain

Posted by in categories: media & arts, neuroscience

While the benefits of music therapy are well known, more in-depth research explores how music benefits children with autism.

Oct 5, 2024

Neuroscience Game-Changer: Entire Fruit Fly Brain Mapped in Stunning Detail for the First Time

Posted by in categories: biotech/medical, neuroscience

A Princeton-led team of scientists has created the first detailed connectome of an adult fruit fly brain, a complex network with almost 140,000 neurons. This significant step in neuroscience was featured in Nature and involved contributions from various global institutions, highlighting both the complexity of the fly’s brain and the potential insights it offers into human neurological diseases.

Groundbreaking Brain Mapping: A Connectome for the Adult Fruit Fly

Researchers led by Princeton University have constructed the first detailed neuron-by-neuron and synapse-by-synapse roadmap through the brain of an adult fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster), achieving a major milestone in brain research. This study is the flagship article in the October 2 special issue of Nature, which is devoted to the new fruit fly “connectome.”

Oct 5, 2024

Masafumi Oizumi: Unsupervised alignment of qualia structures (2024 June 30)

Posted by in categories: computing, neuroscience

Masafumi Oizumi: Unsupervised alignment of qualia structures: Towards direct communication of experience.

Pre-ASSC (2024, June 30, Sun) Satellite Workshop Registration Form: Structural approaches to consciousness: Qualia Structure and Integrated Information Theory.

Continue reading “Masafumi Oizumi: Unsupervised alignment of qualia structures (2024 June 30)” »

Oct 5, 2024

Will the big neuroscience brainstorm pay off?

Posted by in category: neuroscience

Investment in large neuroscience initiatives is starting to show results, but questions remain over whether they can solve the most fundamental questions about cognition.

Oct 5, 2024

CRISPR helps brain stem cells regain youth in mice

Posted by in categories: biotech/medical, neuroscience

Disabling a gene involved in metabolism rejuvenates cells’ ability to spin off new neurons.

Oct 5, 2024

Rewiring the Brain: Scientists Reverse Meth and PCP’s Cognitive Effects

Posted by in categories: biotech/medical, neuroscience

UC San Diego’s study reveals that meth and PCP impair memory by causing neurons to switch from glutamate to GABA, a process reversible with specific treatments.

Sustained drug abuse can have many long-lasting effects, including memory loss and reduced cognitive functions, which can persist for years. Now, neurobiologists at the University of California San Diego have identified a reversible, shared mechanism in the brain by which drugs of different classes generate cognitive impairments.

Investigating mechanisms of drug-induced cognitive deficits.

Oct 5, 2024

Vagus Nerve Signals Regulating Heart Function Discovered

Posted by in categories: biotech/medical, neuroscience

Summary: Researchers have isolated the electrical activity of individual neurons in the vagus nerve responsible for regulating cardiovascular function in humans. By identifying neurons that fire in sync with the heartbeat, scientists can now study how these neurons monitor or control heart activity.

This breakthrough could lead to new insights into how cardiovascular diseases develop and why vagal neuron activity changes in these conditions. The findings offer a foundation for exploring therapeutic targets in heart disease by studying vagus nerve activity in both healthy individuals and those with cardiovascular issues.

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