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Archive for the ‘neuroscience’ category: Page 22

Nov 22, 2024

A large field-of-view, single-cell-resolution two- and three-photon microscope for deep and wide imaging

Posted by in categories: biological, neuroscience

In vivo imaging of large-scale neuronal activity plays a pivotal role in unraveling the function of the brain’s circuitry. Multiphoton microscopy, a powerful tool for deep-tissue imaging, has received sustained interest in advancing its speed, field of view and imaging depth. However, to avoid thermal damage in scattering biological tissue, field of view decreases exponentially as imaging depth increases. We present a suite of innovations to optimize three-photon microscopy for large field-of-view imaging at depths unreachable by two-photon microscopy. These techniques enable us to image neuronal activities of transgenic animals expressing protein calcium sensors in a ~ 3.5-mm diameter field-of-view with single-cell resolution in the deepest cortical layer of mouse brains.

Nov 21, 2024

Breaking out the ol’ EEG headset

Posted by in category: neuroscience

Year 2018 face_with_colon_three


Typing with the MindWave Mobile.

Nov 21, 2024

Fasting-Style Diet Seems to Result in Dynamic Changes in Human Brain

Posted by in categories: biotech/medical, food, neuroscience

Scientists looking to tackle our ongoing obesity crisis have made an important discovery: Intermittent calorie restriction leads to significant changes both in the gut and the brain, which may open up new options for maintaining a healthy weight.

Researchers from China studied 25 volunteers classed as obese over a period of 62 days, during which they took part in an intermittent energy restriction (IER) program – a regime that involves careful control of calorie intake and relative fasting on some days.

Not only did the participants in the study lose weight – 7.6 kilograms (16.8 pounds) or 7.8 percent of their body weight on average – there was also evidence of shifts in the activity of obesity-related regions of the brain, and in the make-up of gut bacteria.

Nov 21, 2024

Longevity biotech aims to unleash the power of NAD+ against age-related diseases

Posted by in categories: biotech/medical, life extension, neuroscience

MetaShape’s PNP inhibitor technology aims to restore NAD+ levels to combat LDL cholesterol, cognitive decline and neurodegeneration.

Nov 21, 2024

Memory is stored in cells throughout the body, not just the brain

Posted by in categories: innovation, neuroscience

For a very long time, we have been under the impression that memory and learning are solely the brain’s forte. Central to this belief is the fact that our brains, particularly our brain cells, store memories.

However, an innovative team of researchers begs to differ, suggesting that cells in other parts of the body partake in this memory function too.

The ability of non-brain cells to learn and form memories is a riveting discovery.

Nov 21, 2024

Natural Remedy Reverses Alzheimer’s Symptoms in New Study

Posted by in categories: biotech/medical, neuroscience

Model mice treated with extracts and powders exhibit restored cognitive and motor functions. Efforts to develop a breakthrough dementia drug are gaining attention, yet traditional medicinal products may provide valuable insights for preventive care. A research group led by Specially Appointed Professor Takami Tomiyama of Osaka Metropolitan University’s Graduate School…

Nov 21, 2024

When Memories Clash: How the Brain Chooses Between Love and Hunger

Posted by in categories: food, neuroscience, sex

A study found that male worms’ brains can activate conflicting memories, but behavior is driven by the more beneficial one. This research sheds light on how brains prioritize information, offering insights into conditions like PTSD.

A new study by UCL researchers reveals that two conflicting memories can simultaneously be activated in a worm’s brain, even though only one memory directly influences the animal’s behavior.

In the paper published in Current Biology, the researchers showed how an animal’s sex drive can at times outweigh the need to eat when determining behavior, as they investigated what happens when a worm smells an odor that has been linked to both good experiences (mating) and bad experiences (starvation).

Nov 20, 2024

Neuralink transplant patient can control computer mouse ‘by just thinking,’ Elon Musk says

Posted by in categories: biotech/medical, computing, Elon Musk, neuroscience

The recipient of the world’s first Neuralink brain-chip transplant is able to control a computer mouse by thinking, the tech startup’s founder Elon Musk announced this week.

“Progress is good, and the patient seems to have made a full recovery, with no ill effects that we are aware of,” Reuters reported that Musk said in an X Spaces event on Monday. “Patient is able to move a mouse around the screen by just thinking.”

Musk added that Neuralink was trying to get the patient to click the mouse as much as possible, Reuters reported.

Nov 20, 2024

Elon Musk’s Neuralink Cleared to Start Brain Chip Trial in Canada

Posted by in categories: biotech/medical, computing, Elon Musk, neuroscience

The billionaire’s brain device company is currently recruiting patients in the US, UK and Canada.

Nov 20, 2024

Local actuation of organoids by magnetic nanoparticles

Posted by in categories: biotech/medical, genetics, nanotechnology, neuroscience

Tissues take shape during development through a series of morphogenetic movements guided by local cell-scale forces. While current in vitro approaches subjecting tissues to homogenous stresses, it is currently no possible to recapitulate highly local spatially varying forces. Here we develop a method for local actuation of organoids using embedded magnetic nanoparticles. Sequential aggregation of magnetically labelled human pluripotent stem cells followed by actuation by a magnetic field produces localized magnetic clusters within the organoid. These clusters impose local mechanical forces on the surrounding tissue in response to applied global magnetic fields. We show that precise, spatially defined actuation provides short-term mechanical tissue perturbations as well as long-term cytoskeleton remodeling. We demonstrate that local magnetically-driven actuation guides asymmetric growth and proliferation, leading to enhanced patterning in human neural organoids. We show that this approach is applicable to other model systems by observing polarized patterning in paraxial mesoderm organoids upon local magnetic actuation. This versatile approach allows for local, controllable mechanical actuation in multicellular constructs, and is widely applicable to interrogate the role of local mechanotransduction in developmental and disease model systems.

The authors have declared no competing interest.

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