Summary: A new study discovered not all microglia are the same, challenging existing beliefs. A unique subset of these cells, the ARG1+microglia, important for proper cognitive functions, were identified in mice, with evidence suggesting a similar subset exists in humans.
Microglia lacking the protein ARG1 led to less exploratory behavior in mice, indicating cognitive deficits. These discoveries open exciting new possibilities for understanding brain diseases and developing novel therapies.
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