The goal? To convert the energy of your mind and body into a kind of laser beam that can transcend spacetime.
Researchers have developed a new chip-sized microwave photonic filter to separate communication signals from noise and suppress unwanted interference across the full radio frequency spectrum. The device is expected to help next-generation wireless communication technologies efficiently convey data in an environment that is becoming crowded with signals from devices such as cell phones, self-driving vehicles, internet-connected appliances and smart city infrastructure.
“This new microwave filter chip has the potential to improve wireless communication, such as 6G, leading to faster internet connections, better overall communication experiences and lower costs and energy consumption for wireless communication systems,” said researcher Xingjun Wang from Peking University. “These advancements would directly and indirectly affect daily life, improving overall quality of life and enabling new experiences in various domains, such as mobility, smart homes and public spaces.”
In the Photonics Research journal, the researchers describe how their new photonic filter overcomes the limitations of traditional electronic devices to achieve multiple functionalities on a chip-sized device with low power consumption. They also demonstrate the filter’s ability to operate across a broad radio frequency spectrum extending to over 30 GHz, showing its suitability for envisioned 6G technology.
How can flesh and blood brains give rise to pains and pleasures, dreams and desires, sights and sounds? Some believe this ‘hard problem’ of consciousness can never be solved. Can we expect any breakthroughs as the science of the mind progresses?
Our annual debate this year considers whether the problem of consciousness really is intractable. Our illustrious panel is neuroscientist Anil Seth and philosophers Louise Antony, Maja Spener and Philip Goff, with the BBC’s Ritula Shah chairing.
AI is already much more advanced than it was ten years ago, and it will only continue to witness rapid and exponential developments. Experts like John Maeda believe that AI will have surpassed the processing power of all living brains on Earth in the near future. To properly function in that kind of society, it will be necessary to work together with these new systems to make sure that the preservation of important human values is carried forward.
💃Want to own a Humanoid Robot: https://bit.ly/3PDgpsn.
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(Visit: http://www.uctv.tv/) Animal development is directed by a genetic toolkit shared by all animals — from fruit flies to frogs to human beings — rather than different animals having different genetic toolkits. UCLA Professor of Biological Chemistry Edward De Robertis explains that the field of evolutionary development (or Evo-Devo) seeks to understand how so many beautiful animal forms evolved through the use of the original genetic toolkit of the last common ancestor of all animals, urbilateria, which existed at least 560 million years ago. Recorded on 10.25.2016. Series: “UCLA Faculty Research Lectures” [12/2016] [Science] [Show ID: 31409].
Synaptic plasticity is a critical process that regulates neuronal activity by allowing neurons to adjust their synaptic strength in response to changes in activity. Despite the high proximity of excitatory glutamatergic and inhibitory GABAergic postsynaptic zones and their functional integration within dendritic regions, concurrent plasticity has historically been underassessed. Growing evidence for pathological disruptions in the excitation and inhibition (E/I) balance in neurological and neurodevelopmental disorders indicates the need for an improved, more “holistic” understanding of synaptic interplay. There continues to be a long-standing focus on the persistent strengthening of excitation (excitatory long-term potentiation; eLTP) and its role in learning and memory, although the importance of inhibitory long-term potentiation (iLTP) and depression (iLTD) has become increasingly apparent. Emerging evidence further points to a dynamic dialogue between excitatory and inhibitory synapses, but much remains to be understood regarding the mechanisms and extent of this exchange. In this mini-review, we explore the role calcium signaling and synaptic crosstalk play in regulating postsynaptic plasticity and neuronal excitability. We examine current knowledge on GABAergic and glutamatergic synapse responses to perturbances in activity, with a focus on postsynaptic plasticity induced by short-term pharmacological treatments which act to either enhance or reduce neuronal excitability via ionotropic receptor regulation in neuronal culture. To delve deeper into potential mechanisms of synaptic crosstalk, we discuss the influence of synaptic activity on key regulatory proteins, including kinases, phosphatases, and synaptic structural/scaffolding proteins. Finally, we briefly suggest avenues for future research to better understand the crosstalk between glutamatergic and GABAergic synapses.
Ligand-gated ion channel GABA type A receptors (GABAARs) mediate the majority of fast inhibition in the central nervous system, while glutamatergic AMPA receptors (AMPARs) and NMDA receptors (NMDARs) collectively mediate fast excitatory neurotransmission. NMDARs particularly play a unique role in synaptic plasticity due to high calcium permeability and voltage-dependent Mg2+ block typically relieved by AMPAR-mediated depolarization. Slow inhibition and excitation are generated by G protein-coupled, GABA type B (GABABRs) and metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs), respectively. The concerted action of these receptors balances neuronal excitability. A close and coordinated spatial relationship between glutamatergic and GABAergic synapses on dendrites (Megías et al., 2001; Bleckert et al., 2013; Iascone et al., 2020), sometimes as near as on the same spine (Chen et al., 2012), facilitates synaptic input integration, dynamic calcium regulation, synaptic crosstalk, and coregulation.
Synaptic plasticity describes the ability of synapses to adapt their relative strength based on the overall level of activity or specific activity patterns, often by dynamic regulation of receptor-synaptic scaffold interactions or through trafficking. During development, it is heavily involved in dendritic growth, synaptogenesis, and the formation of neural circuits (reviewed in Akgül and McBain, 2016; Ismail et al., 2017; Jenks et al., 2021). In mature neurons, synaptic plasticity is responsible for synapse remodeling during experience. Genetic mutations or pathology leading to altered excitatory or inhibitory neurotransmission or impaired synaptogenesis typically result in deficits in synaptic plasticity, a common feature in neurodevelopmental and neurological disorders (Rudolph and Möhler, 2014; Mele et al., 2019), including autism (Hansel, 2019; Sohal and Rubenstein, 2019), down syndrome (Galdzicki et al., 2001; Schulz et al.
What is antibiotic resistance? What is the global clinical antibacterial pipeline? What is the global preclinical antibacterial pipeline? Institutions associated with preclinical drug development Preclinical projects Trends in the preclinical antibacterial pipeline References Further reading.
The global preclinical antibacterial pipeline refers to innovative antibacterial candidate drugs that are under development with the aim of effectively eliminating newly emerged and pre-existing priority pathogens.
Antibacterial medicines or antibiotics treat bacterial infections in humans, animals, and plants. However, bacteria may eventually develop resistance against antibiotics-mediated killing by acquiring genetic mutations. Although antibiotic resistance occurs naturally, misuse or overuse of antibiotics can significantly escalate the process.
Many cancer therapies do not produce the hoped-for results. A common reason for this is that the tumors develop resistance to the medications. This is the case, for example, with alpelisib, a drug that has been approved for use in Switzerland for the past few years as a treatment for advanced breast cancer.
A research group at the Department of Biomedicine of the University of Basel has now discovered that the loss of the neurofibromin 1 (NF1) gene leads to a reduced response to alpelisib. The researchers also found that the dietary supplement N-acetylcysteine restores the sensitivity of cancer cells to this treatment. The findings have been published in the journal Cell Reports Medicine on April 11.
At the moment, patients with advanced and metastatic breast cancer lack effective treatment options. The PI3K signaling pathway is often overactive in breast cancer due to mutations promoting tumor development. The approval of the PI3K inhibitor Alpelisib was therefore keenly anticipated.
Most Beautiful japanese humanoid Robots | AI SCience |
The world of robots is evolving at an unprecedented rate. We just cannot imagine the kind of innovations the Japanese companies have come up with when it comes to humanoid robots. There are a lot of new technological upgrades in these robots that will prove to be very important as time passes. But what possible capabilities can we reach through it? Stay tuned and you shall find all of the answers.
#WhatisArtificialIntelligence #QuickSupport #Innovation.
The Oxford Martin Programme on Bio-Inspired Technologies is investigating the possibility of making computers real.
We aim to develop a completely new methodology for overcoming the extreme fragility of memory. By learning how biological molecules shield fragile states from the environment, we hope to create the building blocks of future computers.
The unique power of computers comes from their ability to carry out all possible calculations in parallel.
