Lifeboat Foundation

AI may equal human intelligence without matching the true nature of our experiences.

By Christof Koch

A future where the thinking capabilities of computers approach our own is quickly coming into view. We feel ever more powerful machine-learning (ML) algorithms breathing down our necks. Rapid progress in coming decades will bring about machines with human-level intelligence capable of speech and reasoning, with a myriad of contributions to economics, politics and, inevitably, warcraft. The birth of true artificial intelligence will profoundly affect humankind’s future, including whether it has one.

12K likes, — kanekallaway on September 12, 2024: “OpenAI just launched something massive. The first model of its a kind…” o1” designed for deep reasoning. General AI reasoning has always been the white whale of the space. Whoever figured out how to build advanced models that could reason through multi-step problems on their own, would lay the rails for the path to AGI. It’s still way too early to say if this model will do it, but based on the demos and early feedback, there is something super advanced here. o1 is different from all previous versions of GPT because it thinks before it answers, like a human would. Then, the model lays out its complex logic path to get to an answer.

A novel scattering-mitigation scheme, using only an integrating sphere, is experimentally shown to recover nearly 50% of mutual information in two-mode squeezed states, despite large photon losses.

https://journals.aps.org/login?rt=https%3A%2F%2Fjournals.aps…XQuantum.5.

Australian physicists resolve time travel paradox, showing it could be possible according to einstein’s theory.

Australian physicists have demonstrated that time travel could be theoretically possible by resolving the classic grandfather paradox. By aligning Einstein’s theory of general relativity with classical dynamics, researchers at the University of Queensland showed that time travel scenarios, such as altering past events, can coexist without resulting in logical inconsistencies. They used a model involving the coronavirus pandemic to illustrate how events would adjust themselves to avoid paradoxes. This research suggests that time travel, while complex, does not inherently create contradictions and could be feasible according to current mathematical models.

After reading the article, a Reddit user named Harry gained more than 524 upvotes with this comment: Isn’t the problem with time travel that it is also space travel? The earth isn’t in the same spot now as it was when you first started reading my comment, the earth travels very fast in space so wouldn’t you also have to find out where in space the earth was in 1950 (chose random date) in order to physically travel there? And how could we know where in physical space the earth was in 1950?

We present the first open-source benchmark to evaluate LLMs in their ability to operate as agents in simulated clinical environments. Diagnosing and managing a patient is a complex, sequential decision making process that requires physicians to obtain information—such as which tests to perform—and to act upon it. Recent advances in artificial intelligence (AI) and large language models (LLMs) promise to profoundly impact clinical care. However, current evaluation schemes overrely on static medical question-answering benchmarks, falling short on interactive decision-making that is required in real-life clinical work. Here, we present AgentClinic: a multimodal benchmark to evaluate LLMs in their ability to operate as agents in simulated clinical environments. In our benchmark, the doctor agent must uncover the patient’s diagnosis through dialogue and active data collection. We present two open benchmarks: a multimodal image and dialogue environment, AgentClinic-NEJM, and a dialogue-only environment, AgentClinic-MedQA. Agents in AgentClinic-MedQA are grounded in cases from the US Medical Licensing Exam~(USMLE) and AgentClinic-NEJM are grounded in multimodal New England Journal of Medicine (NEJM) case challenges. We embed cognitive and implicit biases both in patient and doctor agents to emulate realistic interactions between biased agents. We find that introducing bias leads to large reductions in diagnostic accuracy of the doctor agents, as well as reduced compliance, confidence, and follow-up consultation willingness in patient agents. Evaluating a suite of state-of-the-art LLMs, we find that several models that excel in benchmarks like MedQA are performing poorly in AgentClinic-MedQA. We find that the LLM used in the patient agent is an important factor for performance in the AgentClinic benchmark. We show that both having limited interactions as well as too many interaction reduces diagnostic accuracy in doctor agents.

The ChatGPT maker says its new AI models “spend more time thinking before they respond,” but we shouldn’t get too carried away just yet.

Some big claims here: https://openai.com/index/learning-to-reason-with-llms/

OpenAI o1 ranks in the 89th percentile on competitive programming questions (Codeforces), places among the top 500 students in the US in a qualifier for the USA Math Olympiad (AIME), and exceeds human PhD-level accuracy on…

We are introducing OpenAI o1, a new large language model trained with reinforcement learning to perform complex reasoning. o1 thinks before it answers—it can produce a long internal chain of thought before responding to the user.

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NEW PAPER — Loss of the Primal Eye in evolution, REM explained as phasic transients, and the emergence of DREAMING in E1 animals. MA dissertation Philosophy, University of Leeds 1995/1996.

There are a number of reasons why dreaming has been, and remains, an important area to philosophy. Dreams are ‘pure’ experiential phenomena not (seemingly) requiring input from the outside world via the special senses. As Aristotle puts it, “If all creatures, when the eyes are closed in sleep, are unable to see, and the analogous statement is true of the other senses, so that manifestly we perceive nothing when asleep; we may conclude that it is not by sense-perception we perceive a dream”. A major part of this dissertation is concerned with issues raised in Owen Flanagan’s (1995) article, Deconstructing Dreams: The Spandrels of Sleep. The Primal Eye/MVT account of consciousness gives p-dreaming a more central explanatory role, and I argue that p-dreams are not epiphenomena in the way Flanagan claims. An important omission from Flanagan’s account is any discussion of important dreaming-related phenomena. I look at lucid dreaming, hypnosis and other mental phenomena in relation to the evolutionary loss of the primal/ median/ parietal eye, and postulate that REM rapid eye movements are ‘phasic transients’ considering the E1 brain which includes the lateral eyes, as a consciousness-producing circuit. A brief account of Primal Eye/ Median Vision Theory is that capacity for abstract/ centrally evoked mentation is a direct result of the evolutionary loss of the primal eye. E2 (earlier hardwired brains with both primal and lateral eyes) have evolved over millions of years into E1 brain circuits analog(ous to infinite-state) types of self-regulating plastic circuits, with no primal/pineal eye, but retaining lateral eyes and the pineal gland. Loss of this ‘lockstep mechanism’ median/primal/ parietal/pineal eye not only allowed new sleeping mental phenomena such as dreaming; but also heralded in new types of waking mental abstraction freed from E2 involuntary primal eye direct (electro-chemical) responses to changes in the physical environment. These include daydreams, visualisation with both lateral eyes closed, self-volition or self-determined choices, and so on.

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