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Archive for the ‘biotech/medical’ category: Page 612

Jul 19, 2023

Researchers craft ‘origami DNA’ to control virus assembly

Posted by in category: biotech/medical

Griffith University researchers have played a key role in using DNA “origami” templates to control the way viruses are assembled.

The global team behind the research, titled “DNA-origami-directed virus capsid polymorphism,” published in Nature Nanotechnology, developed a way to direct the assembly of virus capsids—the shell of viruses—at physiological conditions in a precise and programmable manner.

Dr. Frank Sainsbury and Dr. Donna McNeale from the Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery were part of the research team and said forcing viruses to assemble onto DNA folded into different shapes “like origami” was a question that this project answered.

Jul 19, 2023

Blood Clot Symptoms to Know

Posted by in category: biotech/medical

Blood clots can be deadly medical emergencies that can form in different parts of your body. Learn the warning signs that you might have one.

Jul 19, 2023

Rare case of Myasthenia Gravis with Thymoma at Fortis, Vashi ft Dr Prriya Eshpuniyani

Posted by in category: biotech/medical

Akash Ingale, was admitted to Fortis Hospital, Vashi, diagnosed with the unusual combination of Myasthenia Gravis and Thymoma. Myasthenia Gravis is a chronic autoimmune neuromuscular disease causing muscle weakness, typically affecting older individuals, making it rare in young patients like Akash. Moreover, the presence of Thymoma in conjunction with Myasthenia Gravis is even rarer, occurring in only 10–12% of cases. For the past eight months, Akash faced significant mobility challenges, severely impacting his quality of life. Managing the conditions required him to be on multiple drug regimens, including steroids and immunosuppressants, further affecting his well-being.

In this video, Dr Prriya Eshpuniyani, Consultant-Thoracic OncoSurgeon Fortis Hospital, Vashi, Navi Mumbai talks about case history, challenges, prognosis.

Jul 19, 2023

Cryo-EM Research May Help Develop Antiviral Therapy against HIV

Posted by in category: biotech/medical

Jul 19, 2023

Osteoporosis Drug Prevents Breast Cancer Resistance to Existing Treatment

Posted by in category: biotech/medical

Jul 18, 2023

Safer painkillers: A novel drug treats pain without killing people

Posted by in category: biotech/medical

Painkillers have nasty side effects, such as organ damage or addiction. Researchers have discovered a new drug that may cause none of these.

Jul 18, 2023

Understanding Causes of Devastating Neurodegenerative Condition Affecting Children

Posted by in categories: biotech/medical, genetics, neuroscience

A common theme among parents and family members caring for a child with the rare Batten disease is “love, hope, cure.” While inspiring levels of love and hope are found among these amazing families, a cure has been more elusive. One reason is rooted in the need for more basic research. Although researchers have identified an altered gene underlying Batten disease, they’ve had difficulty pinpointing where and how the gene’s abnormal protein product malfunctions, especially in cells within the nervous system.

Now, this investment in more basic research has paid off. In a paper just published in the journal Nature Communications, an international research team pinpointed where and how a key cellular process breaks down in the nervous system to cause Batten disease, sometimes referred to as CLN3 disease [1]. While there’s still a long way to go in learning exactly how to overcome the cellular malfunction, the findings mark an important step forward toward developing targeted treatments for Batten disease and progress in the quest for a cure.

The research also offers yet another excellent example of how studying rare diseases helps to advance our fundamental understanding of human biology. It shows that helping those touched by Batten disease can shed a brighter light on basic cellular processes that drive other diseases, rare and common.

Jul 18, 2023

Study sheds light on mechanisms underlying H. pylori-induced gastric cancer

Posted by in categories: biotech/medical, chemistry

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infections are commonly associated with abdominal pain, bloating, and acidity. Clinical evidence suggests that infection with H. pylori cagA+ strains dramatically increases the risk of developing gastric cancer.

A specialized protein delivered by H. pylori to the host, oncoprotein “CagA,” has been shown to interact with multiple host proteins and promote gastric carcinogenesis (transformation of normal cells to ). However, the underlying mechanisms associated with its biochemical activity have not been fully determined yet.

A new study published in Science Signaling on 18 July insights into the additional mechanism of oncogenic CagA action.

Jul 18, 2023

How Fatty Liver Disease Helps Cancer Thrive in the Liver

Posted by in category: biotech/medical

Extracellular vesicles in people with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) encourage colorectal cancers to spread to the liver and prevent immune cells from attacking the metastatic tumors.

Jul 18, 2023

Macroscopic photonic single crystals via seeded growth of DNA-coated colloids

Posted by in categories: biotech/medical, chemistry, nanotechnology

DNA-programmed self-assembly leverages the chemical specificity of DNA hybridization to stabilize user-prescribed crystal structures1,2. Pioneering studies have demonstrated that DNA hybridization can guide the self-assembly of a wide variety of nanoparticle crystal lattices, which can grow to micrometer dimensions and contain millions of particles3,4,5,6,7,8,9. Attention has now turned toward the goal of assembling photonic crystals from optical-scale particles (i.e., roughly 100‑1000 nm in diameter)10,11,12 using DNA-programmed interactions. To this end, progress over the past decade has established that DNA can indeed program the self-assembly of bespoke crystalline structures from micrometer-sized colloidal particles13,14,15,16,17,18,19. However, growing single-domain crystals comprising millions of DNA-functionalized, micrometer-sized colloidal particles remains an unresolved barrier to the development of practical technologies based on DNA-programmed assembly. Prior efforts have yielded either single-domain crystals no more than a few dozen micrometers in size13,14,15,16 or larger polycrystalline materials with heterogeneous domain sizes12,15,17,20. These features—small crystal domains, polycrystallinity, and size dispersity—have therefore precluded the use of DNA-coated colloidal crystals in photonic metamaterial applications.

Assembling macroscopic materials from DNA-functionalized, micrometer-sized colloids is challenging due to the vastly different length scales between the DNA molecules and the colloidal particles (Fig. 1a). This combination leads to crystallization kinetics that are extremely sensitive to temperature and prone to kinetic trapping1,21,22,23. The resulting challenges are both practical and fundamental in nature. For example, recent work has shown that crystal nucleation rates can vary by orders of magnitude over a temperature range of only 0.25 °C19. Extremely precise temperature control would therefore be required to self-assemble single-domain crystals from a bulk solution (Fig. 1b). At the same time, annealing polycrystalline materials is difficult due to the combination of the short-range attraction and the friction arising from the DNA-mediated colloidal interactions, which slows the rolling and sliding of colloidal particles at crystalline interfaces15,19,24,25.

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